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Avoiding and reducing
Avoiding and reducing severe suffering helps to fulfil legal requirements, reduce ethical concerns and improve scientific quality. Practical ways to reduce or avoid severe suffering include:
Refinement
Refinement begins with reviewing and considering the lifetime experiences of each animal.
Welfare assessment
The day-to-day assessment to monitor animals, to see how they are coping with their environment, and to detect health or welfare issues.
Humane endpoints
The day-to-day assessment to monitor animals, to see how they are coping with their environment, and to detect health or welfare issues.
